【英文标准名称】:Ambientair-Determinationofasbestosfibres-Indirect-transfertransmissionelectronmicroscopymethod
【原文标准名称】:环境空气.石棉纤维的测定.间接传递电子显微镜法
【标准号】:BSISO13794-1999
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:1999-11-15
【实施或试行日期】:1999-11-15
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:报告;试样;宽度;工作范围;文献索引;识别方法;试验设备;试验条件;显微分析;干扰(化学);性能;浓度(化学);形状;角闪石;长度;泊松分布;试样制备;高宽比;纤维;分类系统;颗粒空气污染物;采样设备;有毒物质;电子显微镜;计数;方程;矿物纤维;石棉;尺寸测量;灰分测定;抽样方法;空气污染;置信限;含量测定;校正;空气;密度;灵敏度;过滤;数学计算
【英文主题词】:Airpollution;Airquality;Ambientair;Asbestos;Asbestosdust;Definition;Definitions;Determinationofcontent;Microscopicanalysis
【摘要】:1SubstancedeterminedThisInternationalStandardspecifiesareferencemethodusingtransmissionelectronmicroscopy(TEM)fordeterminationoftheconcentrationofasbestosstructuresinambientatmospheres.Thespecimenpreparationprocedureincorporatesashinganddispersionofthecollectedparticulate,sothatallasbestosismeasured,includingtheasbestosoriginallyincorporatedinparticleaggregatesorparticlesofcompositematerials.Thelengths,widthsandaspectratiosoftheasbestosfibresandbundlesaremeasured,andthese,togetherwiththedensityofthetypeofasbestos,alsoallowthetotalmassconcentrationofairborneasbestostobecalculated.Themethodallowsdeterminationofthetype(s)ofasbestosfibrepresent.Themethodcannotdiscriminatebetweenindividualfibresoftheasbestosandnon-asbestosanaloguesofthesameamphibolemineral.2TypeofsampleThemethodisdefinedforpolycarbonatecapillary-porefiltersorcelluloseester(eithermixedestersofcelluloseorcellulosenitrate)filtersthroughwhichaknownvolumeofairhasbeendrawn.Themethodissuitablefordeterminationofasbestosinbothexteriorandbuildingatmospheres.3RangeTheupperlimitfortherangeofconcentrationthatcanbemeasuredontheanalyticalfilteris7000structures/mm.Thelowerlimitoftherangethatcanbemeasuredontheanalyticalfiltercorrespondstodetectionof2,99structuresintheareaofspecimenexamined.Theairconcentrationsrepresentedbythesevaluesareafunctionofthevolumeofairsampledandthedegreeofdilutionorconcentrationselectedduringthespecimenpreparationprocedures.Themethodisparticularlyapplicableformeasurementsinareaswithhighsuspended-particulateconcentrations(exceeding10μg/m),orwheredetectionandidentificationofasbestosfibresarelikelytobepreventedorhinderedbyothertypesofparticulateindirect-transferTEMpreparations.Intheory,thereisnolowerlimittothedimensionsofasbestosfibreswhichcanbedetected.Inpractice,microscopistsvaryintheirabilitytodetectverysmallasbestosfibres.Therefore,aminimumlengthof0,5urnhasbeendefinedastheshortestfibretobeincorporatedinthereportedresults.4LimitofdetectionThelimitofdetectiontheoreticallycanbeloweredindefinitelybyfiltrationofprogressivelylargervolumesofair,concentratingthesampleduringspecimenpreparation,andbyextendingtheexaminationofthespecimensintheelectronmicroscope.Inpractice,thelowestachievablelimitofdetectionforaparticularareaofTEMspecimenexaminediscontrolledbythetotalsuspendedparticulateconcentrationremainingaftertheashingandaqueousdispersalsteps,andthisdependsonthechemicalnatureofthesuspendedparticulate.Fortotalsuspendedparticulateconcentrationsofapproximately10μg/m,correspondingtoclean,ruralatmospheres,andassumingfiltrationof4000litresofair,ananalyticalsensitivityof0,5structure/litrecanbeobtained,equivalenttoalimitofdetectionof1,8structures/litre,ifanareaof0,195mmoftheTEMspecimensisexamined.LowerlimitsofdetectioncanbeachievedbyincreasingtheareaoftheTEMspecimenthatisexamined,orbyconcentrationofthesampleduringspecimenpreparation.Inordertoachievelowerlimitsofdetectionforfibresandbundleslongerthan5μm,andforPCM-equivalentfibres,lowermagnificationsarespecifiedwhichpermitmorerapidexaminationoflargerareasoftheTEMspecimenswhentheexaminationislimitedtothesedimensionsoffibre.
【中国标准分类号】:Z15
【国际标准分类号】:13_040_20
【页数】:74P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:Steelwireropes.Methodfordeterminationofbreakingload.
【原文标准名称】:钢丝绳.断裂载荷的测定方法
【标准号】:NFA47-210-1986
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:法国
【发布日期】:1986-10-01
【实施或试行日期】:1986-10-05
【发布单位】:法国标准化协会(AFNOR)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:试验;试验;金属丝绳;钢丝绳;断裂荷载;抗拉试验
【英文主题词】:Breakingload;Steel-wireropes;Tensiletesting;Testing;Tests;Wireropes
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:H49
【国际标准分类号】:77_140_65
【页数】:3P;A4
【正文语种】:其他